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Core Scientific Capitulation
We’ve been highlighting the case for more public miner capitulation over the last few months. News shows that Core Scientific, the largest publicly traded mining company by hash rate and miner fleet, may face bankruptcy. The highlights from their SEC filing are the following:
- Core Scientific is halting all debt service payments.
- Bitcoin holdings are now 24; they sold 1,027 over the last month.
- Cash resources will be depleted by the end of the year or sooner.
- Core Scientific claims Celsius owes them $5.4 million.
A giant in the mining space, holding over 9,600 bitcoin at its peak, Core Scientific has now nearly depleted its entire treasury. Month-over-month growth in holdings is now worse than the summer capitulation and selloff we saw back in June 2022. Yet, in June the selloff was much larger in size (6,099 bitcoin). It’s not necessarily the Core Scientific treasury we are concerned about now but rather the treasuries and holdings of all other bitcoin miners if this is a bigger warning sign for the industry.Â
Core Scientific’s bitcoin holdings went from a whopping 9,618 in May to only 24 in October
Core Scientific was able to drive higher bitcoin production and share of the hash rate by having the largest debt-to-equity ratio in the space at 3.5. Now that debt is coming due during the worst time to try and raise more equity, with depressed prices and lack of financial appetite in the market.
Currently, the company’s liquidity situation is dependent on two variables: the bitcoin price going higher and electricity costs coming down. Our view is that it will be incredibly lucky for either to materialize as a stagnating bitcoin price continues and electricity prices, especially for hosting bitcoin miners, is only trending higher. Looking at Q2 earnings, Core Scientific’s cost of revenues went from 67% to 92% compared to last year. Higher power consumption costs played a significant factor.
The biggest risk associated with mining equities and the rising hash rate is not only if companies can survive and get to the other side; some will and some won’t. Rather, the question you need to ask yourself as an investor is whether your stake in the company will get significantly diluted along the way.
For now, we think broad-based underperformance of miners relative to bitcoin itself can be expected.
Let’s now turn our attention to the potential for a capitulation across the ASIC market, as Core Scientific, the world’s largest publicly traded mining firm by hash rate faces liquidity/solvency worries.
Even without recent developments, ASIC prices were already in fire sale-like territory and are at new all-time lows. Luxor’s Hash Rate Index shows just how depressed prices have become across machine efficiency types in the chart below. As miners have gone to the latest, more efficient rigs, that’s put further downward price pressure on older mining models. As there’s more demand for newer rigs like the S19 XP and other brand new hardware to stay competitive, selling pressure rises for older models that are unviable or unprofitable even with the cheapest energy costs. In the worst case, older machines are just given away for free.
Although Core Scientific will have many options such as debt restructuring, Chapter 11 bankruptcy or a potential merger on the table; selling off and liquidating a part of their 130,000 miner fleet may be another option. Increased selling pressure by miners will only add more strain to depressed prices. Further declines in ASIC prices also impact all miners who are collateralizing or financing their ASICs as the value of ASIC prices can drop further. Now, we await what strain this will have on hash rate over the medium term and if we’re to see a significant falloff in hash rate over the next three to six months. We do not believe this cycle ends without a 20% fall in peak-to-trough hash rate.Â
ASIC prices are in free-fall mode as hash rate continues to increase while price stays stagnant
Final note: Bitcoin mining is a brutal business, and the current state of these conditions is the last remaining bear to slay in regards to the conclusion of this bear market cycle and the rebirth of the next bull market.
Only the strong will survive.
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